Skip to main content
SleepCited

Iron के लिए Restless Leg Syndrome

A संबंधित साक्ष्य कई बड़े नैदानिक परीक्षण लगातार महत्वपूर्ण लाभ दर्शाते हैं।

65 अध्ययनों (5 meta-analyses) पर आधारित, में कुल 24,923 प्रतिभागियों के साथ। 34/65 अध्ययन सकारात्मक प्रभाव दिखाते हैं।

<\/script>\n
`; }, get iframeSnippet() { const domain = 'sleepcited.com'; const params = 'ingredient\u003Diron\u0026condition\u003Drestless\u002Dleg\u002Dsyndrome'; return ``; }, get activeSnippet() { return this.method === 'script' ? this.scriptSnippet : this.iframeSnippet; }, copySnippet() { navigator.clipboard.writeText(this.activeSnippet).then(() => { this.copied = true; setTimeout(() => { this.copied = false; }, 2000); }); } }" @keydown.escape.window="open = false" @click.outside="open = false">

Embed This Widget

Style



      
      
    

Widget powered by . Free, no account required.

A

निष्कर्ष

Iron supplementation is well-supported by research for reducing restless leg syndrome symptoms, especially in people with confirmed iron deficiency.

  • 65 studies with nearly 25,000 participants — one of the most studied supplement-condition pairs
  • A 2025 meta-analysis confirmed the efficacy and safety of iron for RLS
  • Iron deficiency is a recognized major risk factor for restless leg syndrome
  • IV iron (ferric carboxymaltose) shows particularly strong results in clinical trials

Key Study Findings

review
[Restless leg syndrome. Diagnosis and treatment].
Dose: various बनाम: Placebo प्रभाव: None None
case-control n=90
Restless Leg Syndrome and Association with Serum NT Pro-CNP.
Dose: None बनाम: Placebo प्रभाव: NT pro-CNP significantly lower in RLS vs controls; sensitivity 80%, specificity 88.9%; serum iron lo None
Cohort Study n=58 Open-label
Efficacy and safety of intravenous iron in patients with restless legs syndrome with normal serum …
Dose: 1000 mg ferric carboxymaltose बनाम: Group A (ferritin <100) vs Group B (ferritin 100-300) Outcome: IRLS severity scale score change प्रभाव: None None

जनसंख्या: RLS patients with serum ferritin <300 µg/L

review
Restless Leg Syndrome and Pregnancy.
Dose: iron supplementation, folate, dopamine agonists (non-pharmacological and pharmacological) बनाम: Placebo प्रभाव: None None
review
[Restless Legs Syndrome].
Dose: dopamine agonists, iron supplementation, alpha-2-delta ligands बनाम: Placebo प्रभाव: None None
review
Optimizing Restless Legs Syndrome Care: Integrating Rehabilitation into Multimodal Management.
Dose: None बनाम: Placebo प्रभाव: None None

Key Statistics

173

अध्ययन

36638

प्रतिभागी

Mixed

A

ग्रेड

Referenced Papers

Revista de neurologia None 8 उद्धरण
Medicina clinica 2025 11 उद्धरण
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of … 2025 4 उद्धरण
Sleep 2025 3 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine clinics 2025 2 उद्धरण
Handbook of clinical … 2025
Southern medical journal 2025
Brain and nerve … 2025
Sleep medicine reviews 2024 6 उद्धरण
Tremor and other … 2023 32 उद्धरण
Tremor and other … 2023 22 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine clinics 2023 14 उद्धरण
International journal of … 2023 13 उद्धरण
Sleep 2023 8 उद्धरण
Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) 2023 2 उद्धरण
Australian journal of … 2023
European journal of … 2022 109 उद्धरण
Experimental neurology 2022 36 उद्धरण
Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) 2022 13 उद्धरण
Sleep science (Sao … 2022 12 उद्धरण
Sleep 2022 4 उद्धरण
The neurologist 2022 3 उद्धरण
MMW Fortschritte der … 2022 1 उद्धरण
Nature reviews. Disease … 2021 163 उद्धरण
Neurotherapeutics : the … 2021 162 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine clinics 2021 14 उद्धरण
Current neuropharmacology 2021 13 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine clinics 2021 11 उद्धरण
Sleep 2021 10 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine clinics 2021 9 उद्धरण
The International journal … 2021 6 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine clinics 2021 5 उद्धरण
European journal of … 2020 137 उद्धरण
International journal of … 2020 34 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine clinics 2020 18 उद्धरण
Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.) 2020 17 उद्धरण
Cureus 2020 5 उद्धरण
La Revue de … 2020 3 उद्धरण
Der Nervenarzt 2020 2 उद्धरण
The lancet. Diabetes … 2020 2 उद्धरण
The Neuroscientist : … 2019 120 उद्धरण
Current neurology and … 2019 68 उद्धरण
The Cochrane database … 2019 62 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine reviews 2019 47 उद्धरण
European journal of … 2019 36 उद्धरण
Advances in pharmacology … 2019 27 उद्धरण
Advances in pharmacology … 2019 20 उद्धरण
Drugs & aging 2019 14 उद्धरण
Expert opinion on … 2019 12 उद्धरण
Advances in pharmacology … 2019 5 उद्धरण
Advances in pharmacology … 2019 3 उद्धरण
Advances in pharmacology … 2019 2 उद्धरण
The Lancet. Neurology 2018 202 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine reviews 2018 40 उद्धरण
Experimental eye research 2018 33 उद्धरण
International review of … 2018 24 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine clinics 2018 21 उद्धरण
Revue neurologique 2018 13 उद्धरण
Revue neurologique 2018 11 उद्धरण
Pediatric annals 2018 5 उद्धरण
Missouri medicine 2018
Sleep medicine 2017 95 उद्धरण
FP essentials 2017 11 उद्धरण
Clinical medicine (London, … 2016 44 उद्धरण
Cytotechnology 2016 18 उद्धरण
Transfusion and apheresis … 2016 10 उद्धरण
Ideggyogyaszati szemle 2016 6 उद्धरण
Acta dermatovenerologica Croatica … 2016 6 उद्धरण
Journal of renal … 2016 2 उद्धरण
Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift … 2016 2 उद्धरण
Biometals : an … 2016
Sleep medicine clinics 2015 158 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine 2015 72 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine reviews 2015 38 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine clinics 2015 29 उद्धरण
Critical care clinics 2015 28 उद्धरण
Movement disorders : … 2015
Parkinsonism & related … 2014 78 उद्धरण
Handbook of clinical … 2014 52 उद्धरण
Nephro-urology monthly 2014 43 उद्धरण
Medical science monitor … 2014 18 उद्धरण
The Journal of … 2014 12 उद्धरण
The Journal of … 2014 7 उद्धरण
Transfusion 2013 64 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine reviews 2012 139 उद्धरण
The Cochrane database … 2012 31 उद्धरण
Expert opinion on … 2012 6 उद्धरण
American family physician 2012
Indian journal of … 2011 75 उद्धरण
Handbook of clinical … 2011 8 उद्धरण
Nature reviews. Neurology 2010 293 उद्धरण
Current opinion in … 2010
Journal of internal … 2009 125 उद्धरण
Brain and nerve … 2009
The Israel Medical … 2008 61 उद्धरण
Acta medica portuguesa 2008
American family physician 2008
The Nurse practitioner 2008
American journal of … 2007 61 उद्धरण
The British journal … 2006 29 उद्धरण
American journal of … 2006 23 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine 2006 8 उद्धरण
The Lancet. Neurology 2005 215 उद्धरण
Progress in neurobiology 2005 47 उद्धरण
Current neurology and … 2005 15 उद्धरण
Neurologic clinics 2005 13 उद्धरण
Home healthcare nurse 2005 3 उद्धरण
Primary care 2005 2 उद्धरण
Current opinion in … 2005
Sleep medicine 2004 392 उद्धरण
Neurology 2004 386 उद्धरण
Annals of neurology 2004 183 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine reviews 2001 48 उद्धरण
The Journal of … 2001 7 उद्धरण
Sleep medicine reviews 1999 31 उद्धरण
Mayo Clinic proceedings 1997 30 उद्धरण
The American Journal … 1996 1 उद्धरण
Mayo Clinic proceedings 1990 68 उद्धरण
Canadian Medical Association … 1967

Dosage & Usage

mg = milligrams · mcg = micrograms (1,000× smaller) · IU = International Units

सामान्य रूप से उपयोग की जाने वाली खुराकें

rls:
65 mg elemental iron if ferritin <75
general:
18 mg/day (women)

अधिकतम सीमा: 45 mg/day

अनुसंधान में अध्ययन की गई खुराकें

खुराक अवधि प्रभाव N
various -- Positive --
None -- Positive 90
1000 mg ferric carboxymaltose -- Positive 58
iron supplementation, folate, dopamine agonists (non-pharmacological and pharmacological) -- Positive --
dopamine agonists, iron supplementation, alpha-2-delta ligands -- Positive --
None -- Neutral --
None -- Mixed --
None -- Positive --

सेवन का सर्वोत्तम समय: On an empty stomach with vitamin C; take in the morning, not before bed

Safety & Side Effects

रिपोर्ट किए गए दुष्प्रभाव

  • Constipation
  • Nausea
  • Stomach pain
  • Dark stools
  • Iron overload risk (hemochromatosis)

ज्ञात अंतःक्रियाएँ

  • Antacids and PPIs — reduce iron absorption
  • Levothyroxine — iron reduces thyroid medication absorption
  • Antibiotics (tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones) — mutual absorption reduction
  • Calcium supplements — take separately by 2 hours

सहनीय अधिकतम सेवन: 45 mg/day

कोई भी सप्लीमेंट शुरू करने से पहले हमेशा अपने स्वास्थ्य सेवा प्रदाता से परामर्श करें।

Frequently Asked Questions

Does Iron help with Restless Leg Syndrome?
Based on 173 studies with 36,638 participants, there is strong evidence from multiple clinical trials that Iron may support Restless Leg Syndrome management. Our evidence grade is A (Strong Evidence).
How much Iron should I take for Restless Leg Syndrome?
Studies have used various dosages. A commonly studied range is 65 mg elemental iron if ferritin <75. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement regimen.
Are there side effects of Iron?
Reported side effects may include Constipation, Nausea, Stomach pain, Dark stools. Most side effects are mild and dose-dependent. Consult your doctor if you experience any adverse reactions.
How strong is the evidence for Iron and Restless Leg Syndrome?
We rate the evidence as Grade A (Strong Evidence). This rating is based on 173 peer-reviewed studies with 36,638 total participants. The overall direction of effect is mixed.

इसके लिए अन्य सामग्री Restless Leg Syndrome

References

  1. [1] A Culebras. Rev Neurol. [Restless leg syndrome. Diagnosis and treatment]. PubMed
  2. [2] Reyhan Yuksek et al.. Neurol India. 2026. Restless Leg Syndrome and Association with Serum NT Pro-CNP. doi:10.4103/neuroindia.NI_673_19 PubMed
  3. [3] Federico Castillo-Álvarez et al.. Med Clin (Barc). 2025. Restless legs syndrome. Pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. doi:10.1016/j.medcli.2024.05.026 PubMed
  4. [4] Yves Dauvilliers et al.. Circ Res. 2025. Restless Legs Syndrome, Periodic Leg Movements, Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases. doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.125.325677 PubMed
  5. [5] Xie Chengfeng et al.. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2025. Engineered polyphenol-keratin nanocarriers enhance probiotic delivery and ameliorate obese ulcerative colitis. doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2025.115035 PubMed
  6. [6] Yasmina M Ebrahim et al.. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025. Integrative sleep management: from molecular pathways to conventional and herbal treatments. doi:10.1007/s00210-025-04183-y PubMed
  7. [7] Aboud Tahanis et al.. Sleep. 2025. Serum alpha-synuclein in restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1093/sleep/zsae217 PubMed
  8. [8] Celia Garcia-Malo et al.. J Clin Sleep Med. 2025. Efficacy and safety of intravenous iron in patients with restless legs syndrome with normal serum ferritin levels: a stratified subanalysis. doi:10.5664/jcsm.11846 PubMed
  9. [9] Thomas Dye et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2025. Iron Metabolism and the Role of Iron Therapy in Pediatric Restless Leg Syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2025.02.005 PubMed
  10. [10] Zhixin Wang et al.. J Neurol. 2025. Restless legs syndrome in Parkinson's disease: epidemiology, pathogenetic overlaps, and clinical management. doi:10.1007/s00415-025-13288-6 PubMed
  11. [11] David Anguizola et al.. Semin Neurol. 2025. Restless Legs Syndrome: Neurochemistry and Therapy. doi:10.1055/a-2538-3300 PubMed
  12. [12] Ambra Stefani. Handb Clin Neurol. 2025. Circadian pattern in restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-90918-1.00009-5 PubMed
  13. [13] Maria P Mogavero et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2025. Therapy of Childhood Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2025.02.007 PubMed
  14. [14] Amy M Phillips et al.. South Med J. 2025. Restless Leg Syndrome and Pregnancy. doi:10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001823 PubMed
  15. [15] Yoshio Tsuboi. Brain Nerve. 2025. [Restless Legs Syndrome]. doi:10.11477/mf.188160960770101111 PubMed
  16. [16] Umer Younas et al.. J Pak Med Assoc. 2025. Optimizing Restless Legs Syndrome Care: Integrating Rehabilitation into Multimodal Management. doi:10.47391/JPMA.25-97 PubMed
  17. [17] Parimala Elangovan et al.. Cureus. 2025. Prevalence of Restless Leg Syndrome and Its Association With Iron Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Observational … doi:10.7759/cureus.86188 PubMed
  18. [18] Sehyr Imran et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2025. Clinical Features of Childhood Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2025.02.003 PubMed
  19. [19] Abdelrahman Mahmoud et al.. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2025. Efficacy and safety of iron supplements for restless leg syndrome, a systematic review, meta-analysis, meta-regression, and trial sequential analysis of … doi:10.1080/08998280.2025.2527549 PubMed
  20. [20] Xin Guo et al.. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2025. Clinical feature and alpha-synuclein level of restless legs syndrome with leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 encoding gene mutation. doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2025.107944 PubMed
  21. [21] Gianpaolo Maggi et al.. Sleep Med. 2024. Prevalence and clinical profile of patients with restless legs syndrome in Parkinson's disease: A meta-analysis. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.07.015 PubMed
  22. [22] Osman S Ipsiroglu et al.. Nutrients. 2024. Iron Deficiency and Restless Sleep/Wake Behaviors in Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Mental Health Conditions. doi:10.3390/nu16183064 PubMed
  23. [23] Diego Garcia-Borreguero et al.. Sleep Med Rev. 2024. Rethinking clinical trials in restless legs syndrome: A roadmap. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101978 PubMed
  24. [24] Vanessa Short et al.. Am J Hematol. 2024. A randomized double-blind pilot study to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of intravenous iron versus oral iron for the … doi:10.1002/ajh.27290 PubMed
  25. [25] Pedro González-Parejo et al.. Nutrients. 2024. Effects of Dietary Supplementation in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome: A Systematic Review. doi:10.3390/nu16142315 PubMed
  26. [26] Elie Matar et al.. Sleep. 2024. Efficacy of intravenous iron for restless legs syndrome-moving beyond monotherapy and into the "real world". doi:10.1093/sleep/zsae022 PubMed
  27. [27] Apostolos Manolopoulos et al.. Ann Neurol. 2024. Brain Iron Dysregulation in Iron Deficiency Anemia-Related Restless Leg Syndrome Revealed by Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Case-Control Study. doi:10.1002/ana.26941 PubMed
  28. [28] Inés María Virgili Alemán et al.. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2024. Biotechnological properties of Bacillus amylolyquefaciens B65 isolated from an artisanal tannery. doi:10.1007/s11274-024-04215-4 PubMed
  29. [29] J Karregat et al.. Transfusion. 2024. Iron deficiency-related symptoms in non-anemic whole blood donors. doi:10.1111/trf.17983 PubMed
  30. [30] Syeda Nimra Qadri et al.. Sleep Med. 2024. Clinical efficacy and safety of IV ferric carboxymaltose in restless legs syndrome: A meta-analysis of 537 patients. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2024.09.017 PubMed
  31. [31] Arthur S Walters. Sleep. 2024. Restless legs syndrome, neuroleptic-induced akathisia, and the iron opioid dopamine link. doi:10.1093/sleep/zsae008 PubMed
  32. [32] Alessandra Burini et al.. Expert Rev Neurother. 2024. Current and emerging pharmaceutical strategies for the treatment and management of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1080/14737175.2024.2385947 PubMed
  33. [33] Sarah Hughes et al.. Healthcare (Basel). 2024. Intersecting Pathways: Treating Cocaine Withdrawal and Restless Leg Syndrome with Iron and Buproprion. doi:10.3390/healthcare12161570 PubMed
  34. [34] Hsin-Yu Chao et al.. Sleep Med Rev. 2024. Sleep-related disorders in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2024.101972 PubMed
  35. [35] Yasaman Safarpour et al.. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2023. Restless Legs Syndrome in Chronic Kidney Disease- a Systematic Review. doi:10.5334/tohm.752 PubMed
  36. [36] Katie L J Cederberg et al.. Tremor Other Hyperkinet Mov (N Y). 2023. Vitamin D and Restless Legs Syndrome: A Review of Current Literature. doi:10.5334/tohm.741 PubMed
  37. [37] Lourdes M DelRosso et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2023. Restless Legs Syndrome and Restless Sleep Disorder in Children. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.01.008 PubMed
  38. [38] Sherifa Ahmed Hamed et al.. Int J Neurosci. 2023. Restless leg syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease: a hospital-based study from Upper Egypt. doi:10.1080/00207454.2021.1910256 PubMed
  39. [39] Prasanta Padhan et al.. Int J Rheum Dis. 2023. Restless leg syndrome in rheumatic conditions: Its prevalence and risk factors, a meta-analysis. doi:10.1111/1756-185X.14710 PubMed
  40. [40] Jacob L Edelson et al.. Sleep. 2023. The genetic etiology of periodic limb movement in sleep. doi:10.1093/sleep/zsac121 PubMed
  41. [41] Hasan Turan et al.. Cureus. 2023. The Prevalence, Severity, and Predictive Factors of Restless Legs Syndrome in Pregnancy. doi:10.7759/cureus.44884 PubMed
  42. [42] Saud Alnaaim et al.. Cureus. 2023. The Prevalence of Restless Legs Syndrome Among Pregnant Women in Saudi Arabia. doi:10.7759/cureus.42883 PubMed
  43. [43] Milca A Morais et al.. Sleep Med. 2023. Effectiveness of exercise and pramipexole in the treatment of restless leg syndrome: Implications on the dopaminergic system and PTPRD. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2023.08.012 PubMed
  44. [44] Meena Khan. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2023. Restless Legs Syndrome and Other Common Sleep-Related Movement Disorders. doi:10.1212/CON.0000000000001269 PubMed
  45. [45] Silvia Preciado et al.. Nutrients. 2023. Effects of Dietary Supplementation with a Ferulic Acid-Rich Bioactive Component of Wheat Bran in a Murine Model of Graft-Versus-Host Disease. doi:10.3390/nu15214582 PubMed
  46. [46] S Chenini et al.. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2023. Restless legs syndrome: From clinic to personalized medicine. doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2023.08.009 PubMed
  47. [47] Budhima Nanayakkara et al.. Aust J Gen Pract. 2023. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.31128/AJGP-02-23-6722 PubMed
  48. [48] Keisuke Suzuki et al.. Brain Nerve. 2023. [Pharmacological Treatment for Restless Legs Syndrome]. doi:10.11477/mf.1416202378 PubMed
  49. [49] Duygu Seyhan Erdoğan et al.. Neurol Res. 2023. A cross-sectional study on restless legs syndrome (RLS) in polycythemia vera (PV): is iron deficiency the only culprit? doi:10.1080/01616412.2023.2257443 PubMed
  50. [50] Ashley E Benson et al.. Eur J Haematol. 2022. The incidence, complications, and treatment of iron deficiency in pregnancy. doi:10.1111/ejh.13870 PubMed
  51. [51] Andrei Vlasie et al.. Exp Ther Med. 2022. Restless legs syndrome: An overview of pathophysiology, comorbidities and therapeutic approaches (Review). doi:10.3892/etm.2021.11108 PubMed
  52. [52] Christopher J Earley et al.. Exp Neurol. 2022. Brain-iron deficiency models of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.114158 PubMed
  53. [53] C M Schröder et al.. Encephale. 2022. [Therapeutic approaches for sleep and rhythms disorders in children with ASD]. doi:10.1016/j.encep.2021.08.005 PubMed
  54. [54] Zhao Liu et al.. Medicine (Baltimore). 2022. Exploration of restless legs syndrome under the new concept: A review. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000032324 PubMed
  55. [55] Vincent Beliveau et al.. Neuroimage Clin. 2022. Revisiting brain iron deficiency in restless legs syndrome using magnetic resonance imaging. doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103024 PubMed
  56. [56] John W Winkelman. Chest. 2022. Treating Severe Refractory and Augmented Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.chest.2022.05.014 PubMed
  57. [57] Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez et al.. Antioxidants (Basel). 2022. Serum Trace Elements Concentrations in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.3390/antiox11020272 PubMed
  58. [58] Ana Mendes et al.. Sleep Sci. 2022. Possible etiologies of restless legs syndrome in pregnancy: a narrative review. doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20220080 PubMed
  59. [59] Rosalia Silvestri et al.. Front Psychiatry. 2022. Behavioral sleep medicine-The need for harmonization of clinical best practice outcome measures in children and adolescents with intellectual or developmental … doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1003019 PubMed
  60. [60] Julien Beatrix et al.. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2022. Non-anemic iron deficiency: correlations between symptoms and iron status parameters. doi:10.1038/s41430-021-01047-5 PubMed
  61. [61] Yuan-Yang Lai et al.. Sleep. 2022. Striatal mechanism of the restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1093/sleep/zsac110 PubMed
  62. [62] Sandra Iskandar et al.. Case Rep Crit Care. 2022. Does Dexmedetomidine Improve or Worsen Restless Leg Syndrome under Sedation: A Case Report and Extensive Review. doi:10.1155/2022/2447461 PubMed
  63. [63] Sajeda G Matar et al.. Neurologist. 2022. Restless Leg Syndrome in Hemodialysis Patients: A Narrative Review. doi:10.1097/NRL.0000000000000436 PubMed
  64. [64] Peter Nielsen. MMW Fortschr Med. 2022. [Restless legs syndrome and iron deficiency]. doi:10.1007/s15006-022-1868-x PubMed
  65. [65] Nuray Can Usta et al.. Neurologist. 2022. Restless Legs Syndrome and the Eyes: Spectral-Domain Optic Coherence Tomography Study. doi:10.1097/NRL.0000000000000423 PubMed
  66. [66] Mauro Manconi et al.. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1038/s41572-021-00311-z PubMed
  67. [67] Thomas R Gossard et al.. Neurotherapeutics. 2021. Restless Legs Syndrome: Contemporary Diagnosis and Treatment. doi:10.1007/s13311-021-01019-4 PubMed
  68. [68] Sergi Ferré et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2021. Akathisia and Restless Legs Syndrome: Solving the Dopaminergic Paradox. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2021.02.012 PubMed
  69. [69] Salih Demir et al.. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove). 2021. Restless Leg Syndrome and Sleep Disorders in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Its Relation with Anemia Parameters. doi:10.14712/18059694.2021.24 PubMed
  70. [70] Qing Lv et al.. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2021. Pharmacologic Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.2174/1570159X19666201230150127 PubMed
  71. [71] Celia Garcia-Malo et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2021. Restless Legs Syndrome - Clinical Features. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2021.02.002 PubMed
  72. [72] Pan Chen et al.. Sleep. 2021. A potential role for zinc in restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1093/sleep/zsaa236 PubMed
  73. [73] Rosalia Silvestri et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2021. Pediatric Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2021.02.006 PubMed
  74. [74] Şule Aydin Türkoglu et al.. Int J Neurosci. 2021. Presynaptic inhibition in restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1080/00207454.2020.1737048 PubMed
  75. [75] Laura M Botta P et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2021. Restless Legs Syndrome: Challenges to Treatment. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2021.02.003 PubMed
  76. [76] Anisha Garg et al.. Curr Diab Rep. 2021. Diagnostic and Treatment Considerations in Restless Legs Syndrome Complicated by Diabetic Neuropathy. doi:10.1007/s11892-021-01431-2 PubMed
  77. [77] Michael Bartl et al.. Nervenarzt. 2021. [Intravenous iron supplementation therapy Restless-Legs-Syndrome]. doi:10.1007/s00115-021-01096-y PubMed
  78. [78] Benjamin Elstrott et al.. Eur J Haematol. 2020. The role of iron repletion in adult iron deficiency anemia and other diseases. doi:10.1111/ejh.13345 PubMed
  79. [79] Mary V Seeman. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020. Why Are Women Prone to Restless Legs Syndrome? doi:10.3390/ijerph17010368 PubMed
  80. [80] F Oliviero et al.. Reumatismo. 2020. Effect of an oral preparation containing hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, hydrolyzed collagen type II and hydrolyzed keratin on synovial fluid … doi:10.4081/reumatismo.2020.1272 PubMed
  81. [81] Galia V Anguelova et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2020. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.02.013 PubMed
  82. [82] Celia Garcia-Malo et al.. Continuum (Minneap Minn). 2020. Restless Legs Syndrome and Other Common Sleep-Related Movement Disorders. doi:10.1212/CON.0000000000000886 PubMed
  83. [83] Akram Zarbalizadeh-Saed et al.. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2020. Effect of Slow-Release Pellets of Selenium and Iodine on Performance and Some Blood Metabolites of Pregnant Moghani Ewes and Their … doi:10.1007/s12011-019-01853-w PubMed
  84. [84] Mohammad D Memon et al.. Cureus. 2020. Unraveling the Mysteries of Restless Leg Syndrome. doi:10.7759/cureus.10951 PubMed
  85. [85] G Vellieux et al.. Rev Med Interne. 2020. [Restless legs syndrome]. doi:10.1016/j.revmed.2020.01.001 PubMed
  86. [86] Michael Bartl et al.. Nervenarzt. 2020. [Update on restless legs syndrome]. doi:10.1007/s00115-020-00997-8 PubMed
  87. [87] Malcolm Prentice et al.. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020. Iodine and folate-essential for mothers to be. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(19)30380-8 PubMed
  88. [88] Sherifa A Hamed. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2019. Neurologic conditions and disorders of uremic syndrome of chronic kidney disease: presentations, causes, and treatment strategies. doi:10.1080/17512433.2019.1555468 PubMed
  89. [89] Sergi Ferré et al.. Neuroscientist. 2019. New Insights into the Neurobiology of Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.1177/1073858418791763 PubMed
  90. [90] Paulina Gonzalez-Latapi et al.. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2019. Update on Restless Legs Syndrome: from Mechanisms to Treatment. doi:10.1007/s11910-019-0965-4 PubMed
  91. [91] Lynn M Trotti et al.. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019. Iron for the treatment of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007834.pub3 PubMed
  92. [92] Giuseppe Lanza et al.. Adv Pharmacol. 2019. The neurophysiology of hyperarousal in restless legs syndrome: Hints for a role of glutamate/GABA. doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2018.12.002 PubMed
  93. [93] Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez et al.. Sleep Med Rev. 2019. Neurochemical features of idiopathic restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2019.03.006 PubMed
  94. [94] Tomer Avni et al.. Eur J Intern Med. 2019. Iron supplementation for restless legs syndrome - A systematic review and meta-analysis. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2019.02.009 PubMed
  95. [95] Régis Lopez et al.. Sleep. 2019. Restless legs syndrome and iron deficiency in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. doi:10.1093/sleep/zsz027 PubMed
  96. [96] Lourdes DelRosso et al.. Adv Pharmacol. 2019. Treatment of pediatric restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2018.11.001 PubMed
  97. [97] Quinn W Wade et al.. Adv Pharmacol. 2019. Iron uptake at the blood-brain barrier is influenced by sex and genotype. doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2019.02.005 PubMed
  98. [98] Emmanuel H During et al.. Drugs Aging. 2019. Drug Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome in Older Adults. doi:10.1007/s40266-019-00698-1 PubMed
  99. [99] Sandeep K Riar et al.. J Clin Sleep Med. 2019. Restless Legs Syndrome in Chronic Kidney Disease: Is Iron or Inflammatory Status To Blame? doi:10.5664/jcsm.8028 PubMed
  100. [100] Stefano de Biase et al.. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2019. Advancing synthetic therapies for the treatment of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1080/14656566.2019.1654997 PubMed
  101. [101] Pan Chen et al.. Adv Pharmacol. 2019. Caenorhabditis elegans and its applicability to studies on restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2018.12.003 PubMed
  102. [102] Imad Ghorayeb. Adv Pharmacol. 2019. Idiopathic restless legs syndrome treatment: Progress and pitfalls? doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2019.01.004 PubMed
  103. [103] Francesca Casoni et al.. Adv Pharmacol. 2019. D3 receptor agonist efficacy in restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/bs.apha.2019.01.005 PubMed
  104. [104] Richard P Allen et al.. Sleep Med. 2018. Evidence-based and consensus clinical practice guidelines for the iron treatment of restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease in adults and children: an … doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2017.11.1126 PubMed
  105. [105] Claudia Trenkwalder et al.. Lancet Neurol. 2018. Comorbidities, treatment, and pathophysiology in restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(18)30311-9 PubMed
  106. [106] Juliane Winkelmann et al.. Mov Disord. 2018. Treatment of restless legs syndrome: Evidence-based review and implications for clinical practice (Revised 2017)§. doi:10.1002/mds.27260 PubMed
  107. [107] Diego Garcia-Borreguero et al.. Sleep Med Rev. 2018. Management of treatment failure in restless legs syndrome (Willis-Ekbom disease). doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2018.01.001 PubMed
  108. [108] Lorenz Latta et al.. Exp Eye Res. 2018. Human aniridia limbal epithelial cells lack expression of keratins K3 and K12. doi:10.1016/j.exer.2017.11.005 PubMed
  109. [109] Giovanni Rizzo et al.. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2018. Neuroimaging Applications in Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.1016/bs.irn.2018.09.012 PubMed
  110. [110] Galia V Anguelova et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2018. Pharmacologic and Nonpharmacologic Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2018.02.005 PubMed
  111. [111] N Limousin et al.. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2018. French consensus: Treatment of newly diagnosed restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2018.06.002 PubMed
  112. [112] L Leclair-Visonneau et al.. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2018. French Consensus: How to diagnose restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2018.06.001 PubMed
  113. [113] Hilary Howard et al.. Pediatr Ann. 2018. Restless Legs Syndrome in Children. doi:10.3928/19382359-20181114-02 PubMed
  114. [114] Pradeep C Bollu et al.. Mo Med. 2018. Sleep Medicine: Restless Legs Syndrome. PubMed
  115. [115] Benjamin A Smallheer. Nurs Clin North Am. 2018. Evaluation and Treatment of Restless Legs Syndrome in the Primary Care Environment. doi:10.1016/j.cnur.2018.04.010 PubMed
  116. [116] James R Connor et al.. Sleep Med. 2017. Iron and restless legs syndrome: treatment, genetics and pathophysiology. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.07.028 PubMed
  117. [117] Giovanni Rizzo et al.. Sleep Med. 2017. Brain imaging and networks in restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.07.018 PubMed
  118. [118] Farhan H Khan et al.. J Neurol. 2017. Iron, dopamine, genetics, and hormones in the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1007/s00415-017-8431-1 PubMed
  119. [119] Giuseppe Lanza et al.. Sleep Med. 2017. Central and peripheral nervous system excitability in restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.05.010 PubMed
  120. [120] Subhashie Wijemanne et al.. Pract Neurol. 2017. Restless Legs Syndrome: clinical features, diagnosis and a practical approach to management. doi:10.1136/practneurol-2017-001762 PubMed
  121. [121] Ying-Shan Piao et al.. Sci Rep. 2017. Restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease: Clinical characteristics, abnormal iron metabolism and altered neurotransmitters. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-10593-7 PubMed
  122. [122] Niloufar Zadeh Saraji et al.. J Renal Inj Prev. 2017. Restless leg syndrome in chronic hemodialysis patients in Mashhad hemodialysis centers. doi:10.15171/jrip.2017.27 PubMed
  123. [123] Daniel L Picchietti. Sleep Med. 2017. Should oral iron be first-line therapy for pediatric restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder? doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.05.005 PubMed
  124. [124] Deepa Burman. FP Essent. 2017. Sleep Disorders: Restless Legs Syndrome. PubMed
  125. [125] İrfan Ozer et al.. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2017. A prospective case control questionnaire study for restless leg syndrome on 600 pregnant women. doi:10.3109/14767058.2016.1170801 PubMed
  126. [126] Samir Kumar Praharaj. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2017. Bupropion and Iron for Restless Leg Syndrome: Do They Have Efficacy Similar to Ropinirole? doi:10.4103/0972-2327.205775 PubMed
  127. [127] Diego Garcia-Borreguero et al.. Sleep Med. 2016. Guidelines for the first-line treatment of restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease, prevention and treatment of dopaminergic augmentation: a combined task force … doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.01.017 PubMed
  128. [128] Claudia Trenkwalder et al.. Neurology. 2016. Restless legs syndrome associated with major diseases: A systematic review and new concept. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000002542 PubMed
  129. [129] R Gupta et al.. Acta Neurol Scand. 2016. Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy: prevalence, possible pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment. doi:10.1111/ane.12520 PubMed
  130. [130] Lisa Klingelhoefer et al.. Clin Med (Lond). 2016. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.7861/clinmedicine.16-4-379 PubMed
  131. [131] Roshanak Hasheminasab Zaware et al.. Nephrourol Mon. 2016. Insomnia and Restless Leg Syndrome in Patients Undergoing Chronic Hemodialysis in Rafsanjan Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital. doi:10.5812/numonthly.29527 PubMed
  132. [132] Renfu Quan et al.. Cytotechnology. 2016. Culture and characterization of rat hair follicle stem cells. doi:10.1007/s10616-014-9807-z PubMed
  133. [133] Ashutosh Singh et al.. Transfus Apher Sci. 2016. Importance of donor history of restless leg syndrome and pica to asses iron deficiency. doi:10.1016/j.transci.2015.09.002 PubMed
  134. [134] Mehmet Kolukisa et al.. Ideggyogy Sz. 2016. Restless Leg Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease in women with iron deficiency anemia. doi:10.18071/isz.69.0356 PubMed
  135. [135] Jana Zímová et al.. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2016. Trichotillomania: Bizzare Patern of Hair Loss at 11-Year-old Girl. PubMed
  136. [136] Adel Eftekhari et al.. J Renal Inj Prev. 2016. Predictive factors of restless leg syndrome in hemodialysis patients. doi:10.15171/jrip.2016.19 PubMed
  137. [137] Bettina Wurzinger et al.. Wien Med Wochenschr. 2016. [Iron deficiency, Fatigue and Restless-Legs-Syndrome]. doi:10.1007/s10354-016-0497-3 PubMed
  138. [138] Andrew J Ghio. Biometals. 2016. Asthma as a disruption in iron homeostasis. doi:10.1007/s10534-016-9948-y PubMed
  139. [139] Richard P Allen. Sleep Med Clin. 2015. Restless Leg Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease Pathophysiology. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2015.05.022 PubMed
  140. [140] Subhashie Wijemanne et al.. Sleep Med. 2015. Restless legs syndrome: clinical presentation diagnosis and treatment. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2015.03.002 PubMed
  141. [141] Mariusz Sieminski et al.. Sleep Med Rev. 2015. Restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2014.10.002 PubMed
  142. [142] Narong Simakajornboon et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2015. Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease and Growing Pains in Children and Adolescents. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2015.05.014 PubMed
  143. [143] Federica Provini et al.. Sleep Med Clin. 2015. Neuroimaging in Restless Legs Syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2015.05.006 PubMed
  144. [144] Saiprakash B Venkateshiah et al.. Crit Care Clin. 2015. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2015.03.003 PubMed
  145. [145] Sudhansu Chokroverty. Sleep Med Clin. 2015. Differential Diagnoses of Restless Legs Syndrome/Willis-Ekbom Disease: Mimics and Comorbidities. doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2015.05.021 PubMed
  146. [146] Hasan Terzi et al.. Sleep Breath. 2015. Restless legs syndrome is related to obstructive sleep apnea symptoms during pregnancy. doi:10.1007/s11325-014-0964-2 PubMed
  147. [147] Hirokuni Tagaya et al.. Nihon Rinsho. 2015. [Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder (circadian rhythm sleep disorder)]. PubMed
  148. [148] Élisabeth Ruppert et al.. Rev Prat. 2015. [RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME--WILLIS-EKBOM DISEASE]. PubMed
  149. [149] Birgit Högl et al.. Mov Disord. 2015. Therapeutic advances in restless legs syndrome (RLS). doi:10.1002/mds.26381 PubMed
  150. [150] Christopher J Earley et al.. Sleep Med. 2014. Altered brain iron homeostasis and dopaminergic function in Restless Legs Syndrome (Willis-Ekbom Disease). doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2014.05.009 PubMed
  151. [151] Prachaya Srivanitchapoom et al.. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2014. Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy: a review. doi:10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.03.027 PubMed
  152. [152] Tahir Mehmood et al.. Sleep Med. 2014. Response to intravenous iron in patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and restless leg syndrome (Willis-Ekbom disease). doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2014.08.012 PubMed
  153. [153] France Woimant et al.. Handb Clin Neurol. 2014. Disorders of heavy metals. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-4087-0.00057-7 PubMed
  154. [154] Behzad Einollahi et al.. Nephrourol Mon. 2014. Restless leg syndrome: a neglected diagnosis. doi:10.5812/numonthly.22009 PubMed
  155. [155] Vasiliki Katsi et al.. Med Sci Monit. 2014. The association of Restless Legs Syndrome with hypertension and cardiovascular disease. doi:10.12659/MSM.890252 PubMed
  156. [156] Christopher J Earley. J Clin Psychiatry. 2014. Latest guidelines and advances for treatment of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.4088/JCP.12074nr3c PubMed
  157. [157] Beatriz Elizabeth Carmona Toro. J Neurosci Nurs. 2014. New treatment options for the management of restless leg syndrome. doi:10.1097/JNN.0000000000000068 PubMed
  158. [158] Louella B Amos et al.. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2014. Treatment of pediatric restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1177/0009922813507997 PubMed
  159. [159] Bryan R Spencer et al.. Transfusion. 2013. Restless legs syndrome, pica, and iron status in blood donors. doi:10.1111/trf.12260 PubMed
  160. [160] Katrin Gade et al.. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2013. Uremic restless legs syndrome (RLS) and sleep quality in patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis: potential role of homocysteine … doi:10.1159/000355727 PubMed
  161. [161] Mehmet Yücel et al.. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2013. Migraine and restless leg syndrome co-morbidity may be due to iron deficiency. doi:10.4103/0972-2327.116956 PubMed
  162. [162] Leonard B Weinstock et al.. Sleep Med Rev. 2012. Restless legs syndrome--theoretical roles of inflammatory and immune mechanisms. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2011.09.003 PubMed
  163. [163] Lynn M Trotti et al.. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012. Iron for restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007834.pub2 PubMed
  164. [164] Stefano de Biase et al.. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2012. ADMET considerations for restless leg syndrome drug treatments. doi:10.1517/17425255.2012.708023 PubMed
  165. [165] Richard E Allen et al.. Am Fam Physician. 2012. Nocturnal leg cramps. PubMed
  166. [166] Dinesh Yadav et al.. Indian J Pediatr. 2011. Iron deficiency: beyond anemia. doi:10.1007/s12098-010-0129-7 PubMed
  167. [167] Lynn Marie Trotti et al.. Handb Clin Neurol. 2011. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52014-2.00047-1 PubMed
  168. [168] Claudia Trenkwalder et al.. Nat Rev Neurol. 2010. Restless legs syndrome: pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management. doi:10.1038/nrneurol.2010.55 PubMed
  169. [169] Matthew A Picchietti et al.. Sleep Med. 2010. Advances in pediatric restless legs syndrome: Iron, genetics, diagnosis and treatment. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2009.11.014 PubMed
  170. [170] Michael Auerbach. Sleep Med. 2010. Finding a safe and effective intravenous iron treatment for restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2010.01.003 PubMed
  171. [171] Rachel E Salas et al.. Curr Opin Neurol. 2010. Update in restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1097/WCO.0b013e32833bcdd8 PubMed
  172. [172] Jose Carlos Pereira et al.. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2010. Imbalance between thyroid hormones and the dopaminergic system might be central to the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome: a hypothesis. doi:10.1590/S1807-59322010000500013 PubMed
  173. [173] Karl Ekbom et al.. J Intern Med. 2009. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02159.x PubMed
  174. [174] Ilya V Kublanov et al.. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009. Biodiversity of thermophilic prokaryotes with hydrolytic activities in hot springs of Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka (Russia). doi:10.1128/AEM.00607-08 PubMed
  175. [175] Ashraf S A El-Sayed. J Basic Microbiol. 2009. L-methioninase production by Aspergillus flavipes under solid-state fermentation. doi:10.1002/jobm.200800318 PubMed
  176. [176] Francesca Brindani et al.. Clin Interv Aging. 2009. Restless legs syndrome: differential diagnosis and management with pramipexole. doi:10.2147/cia.s4143 PubMed
  177. [177] Yasunori Oka et al.. Brain Nerve. 2009. [Secondary restless legs syndrome]. PubMed
  178. [178] Arthur S Walters et al.. Sleep. 2009. Review of the relationship of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements in sleep to hypertension, heart disease, and stroke. doi:10.1093/sleep/32.5.589 PubMed
  179. [179] Narong Simakajornboon et al.. Sleep Med Rev. 2009. Diagnosis and management of restless legs syndrome in children. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2008.12.002 PubMed
  180. [180] Claudia Trenkwalder et al.. Mov Disord. 2008. Treatment of restless legs syndrome: an evidence-based review and implications for clinical practice. doi:10.1002/mds.22254 PubMed
  181. [181] Gisele Zandman-Goddard et al.. Isr Med Assoc J. 2008. Hyperferritinemia in autoimmunity. PubMed
  182. [182] Bruno Santos et al.. Acta Med Port. 2008. [Restless legs syndrome]. PubMed
  183. [183] Max Bayard et al.. Am Fam Physician. 2008. Restless legs syndrome. PubMed
  184. [184] Pankaj Satija et al.. CNS Drugs. 2008. Restless legs syndrome: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. doi:10.2165/00023210-200822060-00004 PubMed
  185. [185] James R Connor. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2008. Pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome: evidence for iron involvement. doi:10.1007/s11910-008-0026-x PubMed
  186. [186] Lynn Marie Trotti et al.. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2008. An update on the pathophysiology and genetics of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1007/s11910-008-0044-8 PubMed
  187. [187] Margaret A Fitzgerald. Nurse Pract. 2008. Restless leg syndrome: iron important. doi:10.1097/01.NPR.0000314748.88045.12 PubMed
  188. [188] Rajiv Agarwal. Am J Nephrol. 2007. Nonhematological benefits of iron. doi:10.1159/000107927 PubMed
  189. [189] Walter Paulus et al.. Mov Disord. 2007. Update of the pathophysiology of the restless-legs-syndrome. doi:10.1002/mds.21824 PubMed
  190. [190] W G Ondo et al.. Sleep Med. 2007. Animal models of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2007.03.010 PubMed
  191. [191] Richard P Allen. Am J Med. 2007. Controversies and challenges in defining the etiology and pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2006.11.003 PubMed
  192. [192] Wayne Hening et al.. Geriatrics. 2007. Restless legs syndrome: demographics, presentation, and differential diagnosis. PubMed
  193. [193] Daniel Picchietti. Sleep Med. 2007. Is iron deficiency an underlying cause of pediatric restless legs syndrome and of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2007.06.007 PubMed
  194. [194] Lyn R Patrick. Altern Med Rev. 2007. Restless legs syndrome: pathophysiology and the role of iron and folate. PubMed
  195. [195] Eric Konofal et al.. Sleep Med. 2007. Impact of restless legs syndrome and iron deficiency on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2007.04.022 PubMed
  196. [196] U Mirastschijski et al.. Br J Dermatol. 2006. Epithelial regeneration from bioengineered skin explants in culture. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06997.x PubMed
  197. [197] Melody Ryan et al.. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2006. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.2146/ajhp060031 PubMed
  198. [198] K Ray Chaudhuri. Sleep Med. 2006. Iron and restless legs syndrome: the story unfolds. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2006.03.010 PubMed
  199. [199] Pascale Vergne-Salle et al.. Joint Bone Spine. 2006. Is restless legs syndrome underrecognized? Current management. doi:10.1016/j.jbspin.2005.03.012 PubMed
  200. [200] Claudia Trenkwalder et al.. Lancet Neurol. 2005. The restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(05)70139-3 PubMed
  201. [201] G Barrière et al.. Prog Neurobiol. 2005. The restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2005.10.007 PubMed
  202. [202] William G Ondo. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2005. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1007/s11910-005-0071-7 PubMed
  203. [203] William G Ondo. Neurol Clin. 2005. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.ncl.2005.05.003 PubMed
  204. [204] Patricia J Neafsey. Home Healthc Nurse. 2005. Role of medications in the etiology and treatment of restless leg syndrome. doi:10.1097/00004045-200504000-00003 PubMed
  205. [205] Ilia Itin et al.. Prim Care. 2005. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2005.02.008 PubMed
  206. [206] Birgit Högl et al.. Curr Opin Neurol. 2005. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000168240.76724.da PubMed
  207. [207] Richard Allen. Sleep Med. 2004. Dopamine and iron in the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome (RLS). doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2004.01.012 PubMed
  208. [208] M Manconi et al.. Neurology. 2004. Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000138427.83574.a6 PubMed
  209. [209] Suresh Kotagal et al.. Ann Neurol. 2004. Childhood-onset restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1002/ana.20292 PubMed
  210. [210] Luiza Jonczak et al.. Neurol Neurochir Pol. 2004. [Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements during sleep in a patient with obstructive sleep apnea]. PubMed
  211. [211] Marco Zucconi et al.. Sleep Med. 2004. Epidemiology and clinical findings of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2004.01.004 PubMed
  212. [212] Zhong Jiang et al.. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004. P504S immunostaining boosts diagnostic resolution of "suspicious" foci in prostatic needle biopsy specimens. doi:10.1309/7T7R-JCCL-84JG-XH3L PubMed
  213. [213] Diego Garcia-Borreguero et al.. Neurology. 2003. Restless legs syndrome and PD: a review of the evidence for a possible association. doi:10.1212/wnl.61.6_suppl_3.s49 PubMed
  214. [214] Björn Wito Walther. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2002. Treating restless legs syndrome: current pathophysiological concepts and clinical trials. doi:10.1517/13543784.11.4.501 PubMed
  215. [215] Shawn A Milligan et al.. Drugs Aging. 2002. Restless legs syndrome in the older adult: diagnosis and management. doi:10.2165/00002512-200219100-00003 PubMed
  216. [216] B L Grimaldi. Med Hypotheses. 2002. The central role of magnesium deficiency in Tourette's syndrome: causal relationships between magnesium deficiency, altered biochemical pathways and symptoms relating … doi:10.1054/mehy.2001.1447 PubMed
  217. [217] Jean Krieger et al.. Sleep Med Rev. 2001. Iron, brain and restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1053/smrv.2001.0156 PubMed
  218. [218] M M Clark. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2001. Restless legs syndrome. PubMed
  219. [219] R P Allen et al.. J Clin Neurophysiol. 2001. Restless legs syndrome: a review of clinical and pathophysiologic features. doi:10.1097/00004691-200103000-00004 PubMed
  220. [220] C J Earley et al.. J Neurosci Res. 2000. Insight into the pathophysiology of restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1002/1097-4547(20001201)62:5<623::AID-JNR1>3.0.CO;2-H PubMed
  221. [221] R M Rijsman et al.. Sleep Med Rev. 1999. Secondary periodic limb movement disorder and restless legs syndrome. doi:10.1016/s1087-0792(99)90021-7 PubMed
  222. [222] V G Evidente et al.. Postgrad Med. 1999. How to help patients with restless legs syndrome. Discerning the indescribable and relaxing the restless. doi:10.3810/pgm.1999.03.597 PubMed
  223. [223] E R Sun et al.. Sleep. 1998. Iron and the restless legs syndrome. PubMed
  224. [224] M H Silber. Mayo Clin Proc. 1997. Restless legs syndrome. doi:10.4065/72.3.261 PubMed
  225. [225] W Biernat et al.. Am J Dermatopathol. 1996. Carcinosarcoma of the skin. Case report and literature review. doi:10.1097/00000372-199612000-00012 PubMed
  226. [226] E Olsen et al.. Electrophoresis. 1995. Identification of proteins that are abnormally regulated in differentiated cultured human keratinocytes. doi:10.1002/elps.11501601356 PubMed
  227. [227] B R Krueger. Mayo Clin Proc. 1990. Restless legs syndrome and periodic movements of sleep. doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(12)65163-5 PubMed
  228. [228] T J Murray. Can Med Assoc J. 1967. The restless leg syndrome. PubMed

FDA अस्वीकरण: इन कथनों का Food and Drug Administration द्वारा मूल्यांकन नहीं किया गया है। इस वेबसाइट पर उत्पादों और जानकारी का उद्देश्य किसी बीमारी का निदान, उपचार, इलाज या रोकथाम नहीं है। प्रस्तुत साक्ष्य ग्रेड प्रकाशित पीयर-रिव्यूड अनुसंधान के हमारे विश्लेषण पर आधारित हैं और चिकित्सा सलाह नहीं हैं। कोई भी सप्लीमेंट शुरू करने से पहले हमेशा अपने स्वास्थ्य सेवा प्रदाता से परामर्श करें।