Fig. 3

![Fig. 3: Summary of herbal treatments used in integrative sleep management, detailing the active compounds and proposed mechanisms of botanicals such as valerian, passionflower, and chamomile.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12511158/bin/210_2025_4183_Fig3_HTML.jpg)

> Source: Yasmina M Ebrahim et al. "Integrative sleep management: from molecular pathways to conventional and herbal." *Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology*, 2025. PMID: [40338321](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40338321/)

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  <img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12511158/bin/210_2025_4183_Fig3_HTML.jpg" alt="Summary of herbal treatments used in integrative sleep management, detailing the active compounds and proposed mechanisms of botanicals such as valerian, passionflower, and chamomile." />
  <figcaption>Fig. 3. Summary of herbal treatments used in integrative sleep management, detailing the active compounds and proposed mechanisms of botanicals such as valerian, passionflower, and chamomile.<br>  Source: Yasmina M Ebrahim et al. "Integrative sleep management: from molecular pathways to conventional and herbal." <em>Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology</em>, 2025. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40338321/">40338321</a></figcaption>
</figure>