Figure 1

![Figure 1: Mediation analysis illustrating the relationship between cigarette smoking and depression scores (Beck Depression Inventory), with cerebrospinal fluid aluminum levels examined as a potential mediator. The path diagram decomposes total, direct, and indirect effects of smoking on depressive symptoms.]()

> Source: Yuying Li et al. "Metal ions in cerebrospinal fluid: Associations with anxiety, depression, and in." *CNS neuroscience & therapeutics*, 2022. PMID: [36168907](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36168907/)

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  <img src="" alt="Mediation analysis illustrating the relationship between cigarette smoking and depression scores (Beck Depression Inventory), with cerebrospinal fluid aluminum levels examined as a potential mediator. The path diagram decomposes total, direct, and indirect effects of smoking on depressive symptoms." />
  <figcaption>Figure 1. Mediation analysis illustrating the relationship between cigarette smoking and depression scores (Beck Depression Inventory), with cerebrospinal fluid aluminum levels examined as a potential mediator. The path diagram decomposes total, direct, and indirect effects of smoking on depressive symptoms.<br>  Source: Yuying Li et al. "Metal ions in cerebrospinal fluid: Associations with anxiety, depression, and in." <em>CNS neuroscience & therapeutics</em>, 2022. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36168907/">36168907</a></figcaption>
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