Figure 5

![Figure 5: Effect estimates for lifestyle-related causal factors on migraine, derived from instrumental variable analyses.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454037/bin/fneur-16-1660995-g005.jpg)

> Source: Xinyao Li et al. "Causal factors for migraine in Mendelian randomization studies: a systematic rev." *Frontiers in neurology*, 2025. PMID: [40994718](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40994718/)

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  <img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12454037/bin/fneur-16-1660995-g005.jpg" alt="Effect estimates for lifestyle-related causal factors on migraine, derived from instrumental variable analyses." />
  <figcaption>Figure 5. Effect estimates for lifestyle-related causal factors on migraine, derived from instrumental variable analyses.<br>  Source: Xinyao Li et al. "Causal factors for migraine in Mendelian randomization studies: a systematic rev." <em>Frontiers in neurology</em>, 2025. PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40994718/">40994718</a></figcaption>
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