A Comprehensive Review of Lavandula stoechas L. (Ustukhuddus) Plant: Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and In Silico Studies.

Lavandula stoechas L., also referred to as French lavender or Spanish lavender, is a well-known medicinal plant with a strong presence in traditional medicine systems. This review provides an overview of the existing research progress on L. stoechas, encompassing its traditional uses, medicinal phytochemistry, pharmacological activity as well as clinical applications, and in silico studies. Literature searches on the traditional, medicinal phytochemistry and biological activities of L. stoechas were conducted using online databases that included Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and PubMed as well as pre-electronic literature sources obtained from the library of the university. Recent scientific studies have explored the phytochemicals of L. stoechas, revealing a diverse collection of bioactive substances, including flavonoids, terpenes, and phenolic acids. Pharmacological studies have provided additional clarity on the therapeutic benefits of extracts and isolated components from L. stoechas. Studies confirm its antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects and its potential for anxiety, insomnia, and dermatological disorders. Computational approaches revealed ligand interactions between L. stoechas constituents and targets, enhancing understanding through in silico analysis. In summary, the combined study underscores L. stoechas's diverse therapeutic potential, validating its traditional uses while providing scientific insights into its chemical composition, its formulations, its molecular mechanisms, and its pharmacological activities.